Total Knee Replacement

During total knee replacement surgery, your damaged knee joint is replaced with an artificial joint, called a prosthesis. This surgery almost always reduces joint pain and improves your quality of life.

The parts of the prosthesis are secured to the bones of the knee. Together they form the new joint.

Before your surgery

You will most likely arrive at the hospital on the morning of the surgery. Follow all your healthcare provider's instructions on preparing for surgery:

• Follow any directions you are given for taking medicines and for not eating or drinking before surgery.

• At the hospital, your temperature, pulse, breathing, and blood pressure will be checked.

• An IV (intravenous) line will be started to give you fluids and medicines during surgery.

The procedure

When the surgical team is ready, you’ll be taken to the operating room. There you’ll be given anesthesia to help you sleep through surgery. One common type of anesthesia is general anesthesia (you are put to sleep). Others are spinal, epidural, or regional nerve block anesthesia. For these, you are awake, but your body is numb from the waist down. The anesthesia team will talk with you to determine which type of anesthesia will be best for you. Then a cut is made on the front or side of your knee. Any damaged bone is cleaned away. The new joint parts are put into place. The cut is closed with surgical staples or stitches.

After your surgery

After surgery, you’ll be sent to the recovery room. The nurses will give you medicines to ease your pain. You may have a small tube (catheter) in your bladder. In some cases, a continuous passive motion machine may be used on the knee to keep it from getting stiff. A sequential compression machine may be used to prevent blood clots by gently squeezing then letting go of your lower leg. You may be given medicine to prevent blood clots. Soon, healthcare providers will help you get up and moving.

When to call your healthcare provider

Once at home, call your healthcare provider if you have any of these symptoms:

• Trouble breathing or chest pain (call 911)

• An increase in knee pain

• Pain or swelling in the calf or leg

• Unusual redness, heat, or drainage at the incision site

• Fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher, or as directed by your healthcare provider

• Shaking chills